Hello, World. I'm the Dad of a Trans Kid

Episode 4: Critical Thinking and the Scientific Method

Peter Tchoryk Season 1 Episode 4

Use Left/Right to seek, Home/End to jump to start or end. Hold shift to jump forward or backward.

0:00 | 16:24

Send us Fan Mail

In this episode I want to tell you about the toolkit. Not the romantic version of the scientific method you may remember from a high school poster — “observe, hypothesize, experiment, conclude” — but the actual, lived, hard-won toolkit that human beings spent thousands of years inventing in order to manage uncertainty without making things up.

The story of human progress is, in no small part, the story of learning to manage uncertainty more honestly.

For most of our species' existence, the tools were crude. When the crops failed, we needed an explanation adequate to the terror of starvation. When disease swept through the village, we needed urgently to understand why — and what to do about it. When someone died before their time, we needed to make sense of a loss that could otherwise destroy the community.

In the absence of tools to investigate these things empirically, the most available explanations were supernatural. The gods were angry. The spirits were disturbed. The harvest god required appeasement. These were not stupid explanations. Given the knowledge available, they were the most logical responses to genuine uncertainty. They provided a framework for action, a basis for communal ritual, and a vocabulary for grief. They had real value. I want to acknowledge that clearly, because a recurring mistake in arguments like mine is to treat every expression of religious life as if it were straightforwardly a product of fear or manipulation. It is not. The complexity of human religious experience runs far deeper than that.

What changed the calculus — slowly, unevenly, against fierce resistance — was the development of a different set of tools for managing uncertainty. Tools that did not require supernatural explanation. That were testable. Revisable. And in principle available to anyone, regardless of status or belief.

Critical thinking began as something modest. The recognition that some claims are better supported than others, and that it is possible to evaluate claims systematically rather than simply accepting the ones that come from the most authoritative source.

The scientific method is a process. You observe something. You form a hypothesis about why it happens. You test that hypothesis against evidence in ways that could in principle prove it wrong. You revise your understanding based on what you find. Then you invite others — ideally people who disagree with you — to try to break your conclusion. If it survives, it earns provisional acceptance. The best current explanation, held until better evidence or a better framework arrives. This is not an institution. It is not a credential. It is a procedure available to anyone, for distinguishing what is actually true from what merely feels true.

The question I am asking in this book — and in this episode — is why we have not applied this method to the questions of social and political life with the same rigor and the same willingness to revise. Why do we accept, in the governance of our communities, a standard of evidence that would be immediately recognized as inadequate in any science laboratory?